地基承载力的常用提法及其工程应用

地基承载力有多种提法,如容许承载力、极限承载力、承载力特征值、根据地基的荷载条件与土性指标计算的承载力、勘察单位在工程设计前提供的承载力等;明确各种地基承载力的工程意义,对应用是重要的.文章分析了获得各种常用承载力计算方法的前提条件,提出工程应用中应当注意的问题.对地基在垂直、水平荷载共同作用下的情况,给出了地基承载力的计算公式.为正确的应用各种提法的地基承载力提出了建议.     

齿轮箱的失效原因与振动诊断

齿轮箱是各类机械设备通常具备的变速传动部件，齿轮和齿轮箱的工作状态的好坏直接影响整个机械系统的工作，它们的故障往往是造成系统不能正常运转的常见原因之一，所以它们的制造质量、工作平稳性和噪声是机器制造质量的重要标志。文章介绍了柴油机齿轮箱的失效形式和原因，并通过振动监测具体分析了某齿轮箱的故障。     

蒸发波导条件下电磁波传播衰减的计算方法

作为计算电磁波传播衰减的常用方法之一，射线追踪法可以有效的对波场进行近似计算。文中描述了射线追踪法，利用此方法对蒸发波导条件下的传播损耗进行数值计算，并与AREPS软件的计算结果进行比较，两者在视距范围内比较吻合。     

柳州三门江大桥主桥墩身施工技术

柳州三门江大桥主桥为（100＋160＋100）m双塔双索面三跨部分斜拉预应力混凝土箱梁桥，桥面宽41m。重点论述了该主桥墩身的总体施工方案、施工工艺及施工要点等，同时对墩身大体积混凝土温度监测与裂缝控制进行了阐述。工程实践表明，该墩身施工方法合理，为同类工程施工提供了借鉴。     

The dynamic response of rail support

This research reviews principles behind the dynamic response of rail supports, and introduces a method of analysis to find the maximum response in a realistic setting. Assuming a time-dependent, moving mass with massive wheels is essential, because the ratio of the moving mass to the rail mass is significant. However, the dynamic response of the track is not affected by dynamic properties of the train other than its unsprung mass, because the natural frequencies of the train suspension and track are significantly different. A numerical method is developed to model the dynamic response based on these principles, and applied to the Korean urban transit. The dynamic response includes multiple peaks with a large amplitude range, creating noise while the wheel passes the support. The dynamic impact factor (DIF) for the rail support depends mainly on the stiffness and damping of the rail support. The DIF for the rail moment is below the code value, whether this value is based on numerical analysis or on-site measurements. However, our numerical analysis results in a DIF for support settlement that is greater than the code value, if the damping is less than 3%.     

硬岩铁路隧道湿喷聚丙烯纤维混凝土支护结构稳定性分析

在隧道支护结构中采用湿喷工艺喷射聚丙烯纤维混凝土技术可以提高隧道围岩的稳定性，符合混凝土向高性能、绿色化、施工注重环境保护的发展趋势。在宝鸡-兰州复线东巨寺沟铁路隧道选取试验段中实施湿喷工艺喷射聚丙烯纤维混凝土，作为支护结构，并作永久性支护结构，免除二次衬砌工作。采用非线性有限元方法，分析了该铁路隧道试验段采用湿喷纤维混凝土支护结构的隧道围岩稳定性，分析了未支护和湿喷纤维混凝土支护的隧道围岩稳定性。分析结果表明：与未支护的隧道相比较，支护后的隧道围岩塑性区分布范围得到了减小，隧道变形微小。隧道变形实测结果表明：隧道的变形微小，处于稳定状态。     

城市轨道交通车辆最高运行速度的选择

研究目的:通过对影响列车最高运行速度的几大要素进行分析,寻找轨道交通车辆选型时确定列车最高运行速度等级的一般规律,从而达到节约能源、减少车底数的目的.研究结论:确定城市轨道交通车辆最高运行速度等级时一般以平均车站间距作为首要依据,车站间距约为3.4 km时,推荐选择列车最高运行速度120 km/h;当车站站间距约为2.3 km时,推荐选择列车最高运行速度100 km/h;当车站站间距约为1.5 km时,推荐选择列车最高运行速度80 km/h.     

运输船舶在波浪中失速的近似估算

如何准确、快速、简便地估算船舶在波浪中的失速，已成为船舶研究、设计人员及航运界有关人员共同关心的一个重要课题。文中给出了近似估算运输船舶在波浪中失速的2个方法。对处于初步设计阶段且尚未做过静水快速性能模型试验的运输船舶，可直接应用第2个方法。该方法提出的近似估算公式应用方便，也不用编程便可直接人工计算，且与模型试验结果相当吻合。     

PC梁桥长束纵向预应力筋优化布置研究

针对目前结构设计中影响纵向预应力损失的主要因素，优化大跨径PC梁桥长束纵向预应力束为较短柬．以减小预应力张拉过程中产生的摩阻损失，提高悬臂施工过程中箱梁根部预应力储备，改善成桥后的应力状态，增强L／4截面混凝土的抗剪能力。     

Vehicle mass as a determinant of fuel consumption and secondary safety performance

One interaction between environmental and safety goals in transport is found within the vehicle fleet where fuel economy and secondary safety performance of individual vehicles impose conflicting requirements on vehicle mass from an individual’s perspective. Fleet characteristics influence the relationship between the environmental and safety outcomes of the fleet; the topic of this paper. Cross-sectional analysis of mass within the British fleet is used to estimate the partial effects of mass on the fuel consumption and secondary safety performance of vehicles. The results confirmed that fuel consumption increases as mass increases and is different for different combinations of fuel and transmission types. Additionally, increasing vehicle mass generally decreases the risk of injury to the driver of a given vehicle in the event of a crash. However, this relationship depends on the characteristics of the vehicle fleet, and in particular, is affected by changes in mass distribution within the fleet. We confirm that there is generally a trade-off in vehicle design between fuel economy and secondary safety performance imposed by mass. Cross-comparison of makes and models by model-specific effects reveal cases where this trade-off exists in other aspects of design. Although it is shown that mass imposes a trade-off in vehicle design between safety and fuel use, this does not necessarily mean that it imposes a trade-off between safety and environmental goals in the vehicle fleet as a whole because the secondary safety performance of a vehicle depends on both its own mass and the mass of the other vehicles with which it collides.